Genoa trim made simple - by Bill Fastiggi
Set halyard tension - Pull sail up hard enough to remove 95% of the
horizontal wrinkles along the luff of the sail for a laminate sail, and for
a Dacron sail tension halyard enough to just barely remove all the
horizontal wrinkles.
Set Jib/Genoa leads - Use these guidelines for
proper lead location. When the sail is trimmed in, the leech (back edge)
and foot (bottom) should have approximately equal tension on them. With an
overlapping genoa, the sail should hit the spreader tip and the shroud base
at about the same time. Another good guide are luff telltales along the
luff of the genoa. The telltales should stream so that the upper tell-tales
break slightly ahead of the lower telltales.
Sheet tension - For a genoa trim in so that the
leech of the sail is about 2"-6" off the spreader tip. This will vary
greatly depending upon the type of rig and boat, length and number of
spreaders, track locations and cut of sail. For small non overlapping jibs
with battens, trim until the battens point straight aft.
Leech and foot lines - are only used to remove
the "fluttering" of the sail along these sail edges, not to "shape the sail"
or "bag it out for light air".
Fine tuning your jib leads - In general, moving
the jib leads aft depowers the sail and moving the jib leads forward adds
more power to the headsail.
By moving the lead aft, you are adding more twist to the top of the sail
which allows the wind to "blow through" the top of the sail plan.
Also, by adding sheet tension you will flatten the lower 1/4 of the sail.
This opens up the "slot" between the main and headsail and will make your
boat more forgiving to steer in overpowered conditions.
By moving the leads forward, you are adding power to
the sail. For medium air and lumpy conditions, powering up the sail
can help give you the extra punch you need to get through extra chop.
Headstay Sag - Getting the proper headstay
tension will help you adjust the shape of your headsail. Less tension
equals more sag and a fuller, draft forward sail shape, while more tension
results in less headstay sag and a flatter jib entry for higher pointing.
Consult with your sailmaker for guidance.
Proper genoa trim can be very difficult to set up
originally, but once set up correctly, should be able to be duplicated
easily. For best results, consult your sailmaker, boat designer, or even
your local hot shot for one-design racing class.